機(jī)械處理。

Mechanical processing.

主要包括拋丸法和噴丸法。拋丸清理是利用離心力使彈丸加速，拋向工件除銹的方法。但拋丸的靈活性較差，且受場地限制，因此在清理工件時存在一定的盲目性，容易在工件內(nèi)表面產(chǎn)生無法清理的盲點。設(shè)備結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，易損件多，尤其是葉片等零部件磨損快，維修時間多，利用率高，一次性投資大。

Mainly including shot blasting method and shot blasting method. Shot blasting cleaning is a method of using centrifugal force to accelerate the projectile and remove rust from the workpiece. However, the flexibility of shot blasting is poor and limited by the site, so there is a certain degree of blindness when cleaning the workpiece, which can easily create blind spots on the inner surface of the workpiece that cannot be cleaned. The equipment structure is complex, with many vulnerable parts, especially the blades and other components, which wear out quickly, require a lot of maintenance time, have a high utilization rate, and require a large one-time investment.

化學(xué)處理。

Chemical treatment.

酸性或堿性溶液主要用于與工件表面的氧化物和油污發(fā)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)，使其溶解在酸性或堿性溶液中，從而達(dá)到去除工件表面銹垢和油污的目的。化學(xué)處理適用于清洗薄板。

Acidic or alkaline solutions are mainly used to chemically react with oxides and oil stains on the surface of workpieces, dissolve them in acidic or alkaline solutions, and thus achieve the purpose of removing rust and oil stains on the surface of workpieces. Chemical treatment is suitable for cleaning thin plates.

但是這種方法也有缺點，就是如果時間控制不好，即使加入緩蝕劑，也會腐蝕鋼材。對于結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的零件和有孔的零件，用酸液酸洗后，浸泡在縫隙或孔中的殘留酸很難完全。如果處理不當(dāng)，會成為零件未來腐蝕的隱患，而且化學(xué)品易揮發(fā)，成本高。處理后的化學(xué)物質(zhì)排放困難。如果處理不當(dāng)，會對環(huán)境造成嚴(yán)重污染。隨著人們意識的進(jìn)步，這種處理方式正在被機(jī)械處理所取代。

However, this method also has its drawbacks, which is that if the time control is not good, even if corrosion inhibitors are added, they will corrode the steel. For parts with complex structures and holes, it is difficult to completely remove residual acid soaked in gaps or holes after acid washing. If not handled properly, it can become a potential corrosion hazard for the parts in the future, and chemicals are prone to volatilization and have high costs. Difficulty in discharging processed chemicals. If not handled properly, it can cause serious pollution to the environment. With the advancement of people's environmental awareness, this treatment method is being replaced by mechanical treatment.

手工處理。

Manual processing.

工件表面的鐵銹和氧化皮可以用刮刀、鋼絲刷或砂輪手工，但手工加工勞動強(qiáng)度大，生產(chǎn)效率低，質(zhì)量差，清洗不徹底。

The rust and oxide scale on the surface of the workpiece can be manually removed with a scraper, wire brush, or grinding wheel, but manual processing is labor-intensive, has low production efficiency, poor quality, and incomplete cleaning.

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