Jinan container recycling industry chain, a freight forwarding company shouldering the task of "connecting the preceding and the following", also has a deep feeling of "lack of containers". It is understood that the shortage of containers began to appear in the second half of 2020, and the phenomenon of "lack of containers and less containers" has spread in major ports. People from several freight forwarding companies told container recycling that in the first half of this year, the situation of "one container is difficult to find" is particularly obvious. Sometimes, the team even needs to "grab" the container in the middle of the night. In addition, the booking time of containers is also different from that in previous years. It is possible to book containers 15-25 days in advance.

“疫情發(fā)生以來，歐美將大量訂單重新從東南亞轉(zhuǎn)回，導(dǎo)致我國出口貿(mào)易激增，大量集裝箱出口到國外而無法及時周轉(zhuǎn)回國，而船公司為了商業(yè)目的，寧愿空船回裝貨也不愿意拉回程空箱及進口重箱，導(dǎo)致大量集裝箱滯留國外。”

"Since the outbreak, European and American countries have transferred a large number of orders back to China from Southeast Asia, resulting in a surge in China's export trade. A large number of containers are exported abroad and can not be returned in time. For commercial purposes, shipping companies prefer empty ships to return to China for loading rather than pull back empty containers and imported heavy containers, resulting in a large number of containers staying abroad."

事實上，缺箱僅是這些貿(mào)易公司面臨的眾多問題之一。由于國外疫情嚴(yán)重，碼頭工人及裝卸設(shè)備嚴(yán)重短缺，碼頭裝卸作業(yè)周期拉長，大量船期滯留在錨地?zé)o法進港卸貨，導(dǎo)致船期大面積延誤或者選擇跳港，整個海運船期混亂，由此也帶來了“一艙難求”的情況。另外，今年以來，我國外貿(mào)出口量持續(xù)增長，同時伴隨海運空運等運輸費用持續(xù)上漲，給以CIF或FOB的貿(mào)易條款成交的外貿(mào)企業(yè)帶來了不小的壓力，“高額的運費成本讓很多買家暫緩或者取消訂單計劃。”

In fact, lack of containers is only one of the many problems faced by these trading companies. Due to the serious epidemic in foreign countries, the serious shortage of wharf workers and loading and unloading equipment, the wharf loading and unloading operation cycle is prolonged, and a large number of shipping schedules are stranded in the anchorage and unable to enter the port for unloading, resulting in large-scale delay of shipping schedules or jumping from the port, and the whole shipping schedule is chaotic, which also brings the situation of "difficult demand for first class". In addition, since the beginning of this year, China's foreign trade export volume has continued to grow. At the same time, with the continuous rise of transportation costs such as sea and air transportation, it has brought great pressure to foreign trade enterprises that trade on CIF or FOB terms. "The high freight cost has caused many buyers to suspend transactions or cancel order plans."

“舉個例子，發(fā)貨港在*，目的港是林查班的20尺普柜，疫情前運價為260美元，現(xiàn)價已經(jīng)達到2400美元。”一名來自*的貨代向集裝箱回收指出。

"For example, the port of shipment is at *, and the port of destination is Lin Chaban's 20 foot general cabinet. The freight rate before the epidemic was US $260, and the current price has reached US $2400." A freight forwarder from * pointed out to the container recycling.

*一家生物制造領(lǐng)域的外貿(mào)企業(yè)相關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人則在接受集裝箱回收采訪時坦言，因目的港操作裝卸人力不足等問題，目的港的擁堵問題極其嚴(yán)重，目前船期延誤、倉位緊俏、運費高漲等問題給進出口企業(yè)的出貨帶來了極大的困難和不穩(wěn)定性。

*The relevant person in charge of a foreign trade enterprise in the field of biological manufacturing admitted in an interview with container recycling that the congestion problem at the destination port is extremely serious due to the lack of operation and loading and unloading manpower at the destination port. At present, the shipping schedule delay, tight positions, high freight and other problems have brought great difficulties and instability to the shipment of import and export enterprises.

濟南集裝箱回收外部的重重壓力*終影響了外貿(mào)企業(yè)的訂單情況。該外貿(mào)企業(yè)人士對集裝箱回收表示，一方面，部分港口因頻繁暴漲導(dǎo)致被跳港或者停船，致使企業(yè)生產(chǎn)計劃以及發(fā)運計劃紊亂；另一方面，由于部分船只需要在中轉(zhuǎn)港停留導(dǎo)致貨物延遲交付，降低了企業(yè)與客戶之間的交付性，同時降低了客戶的滿意度，導(dǎo)致企業(yè)簽單量減少，“每個進出口企業(yè)人員都是以業(yè)績達成為指標(biāo)的，但是由于今年的海運問題，F(xiàn)OB客戶訂艙困難，導(dǎo)致企業(yè)計劃完成滯后、回款滯后、利潤滯后或不達成；而CIF全額預(yù)付客戶則承受著海運暴漲帶來的海運費侵占利潤的風(fēng)險。”

The heavy external pressure * of container recycling in Jinan finally affected the order situation of foreign trade enterprises. The person from the foreign trade enterprise told the container recycling that, on the one hand, some ports were jumped or stopped due to frequent sharp price increases, resulting in disorder in the enterprise's production plan and shipping plan; On the other hand, some ships need to stay at the transit port, resulting in delayed delivery of goods, which reduces the deliverability between enterprises and customers, reduces customer satisfaction, and reduces the amount of orders signed by enterprises, "Every import and export enterprise staff is based on their performance. However, due to the shipping problem this year, FOB customers have difficulty in booking space, resulting in the delay in the completion of enterprise plans, the delay in payment collection, and the delay or failure to achieve profits; while CIF full prepayment customers bear the risk of marine freight encroaching on profits caused by the sharp rise of shipping prices."

還指出，目前不少公司到達美國港口無法卸貨的情況也衍生出了塞港費和存儲費等各項雜費，不僅如此，無法卸貨也會加大收款風(fēng)險使得采購商棄貨，然而貨物的銷毀也需要額外的費用，比如在美國十個立方貨的銷毀費用大概就要1000美元，而所有衍生出的費用*終都需要賣家承擔(dān)。這樣的情況已經(jīng)衍生出了不少糾紛。

It is also pointed out that at present, many companies are unable to unload at American ports, which also leads to various miscellaneous fees such as port congestion fee and storage fee. Moreover, failure to unload will also increase the collection risk and make buyers abandon the goods. However, the destruction of goods also requires additional costs. For example, the destruction cost of ten cubic meters of goods in the United States is about 1000 US dollars, All derived expenses * will eventually be borne by the seller. This situation has led to many disputes.

“對于我們外貿(mào)企業(yè)來說，根本沒有辦法現(xiàn)在的問題。只能從公司戰(zhàn)略出發(fā)，考慮外銷轉(zhuǎn)內(nèi)銷，自產(chǎn)自銷，但這會影響企業(yè)利潤。”前述*外貿(mào)企業(yè)人士這樣感嘆。

"For our foreign trade enterprises, there is no way to solve the current problems. We can only start from the company's strategy and consider the transfer of export to domestic sales and self production and self sales, but this will affect the profits of the enterprise." The aforementioned * foreign trade enterprises sighed.

在全球大的集裝箱碼頭一輛輛智能重卡從洋山港碼頭出發(fā)，駛過東海大橋，到達深水港物流園區(qū)，這是我國智能駕駛集裝箱轉(zhuǎn)運業(yè)務(wù)。

At the world's largest container terminal, smart heavy trucks start from Yangshan Port terminal, drive through the East China Sea Bridge and arrive at the deep-water port logistics park, which is China's first intelligent driving container transshipment business.

濟南集裝箱回收，在市交通委員會的積極協(xié)調(diào)組織下，集團、上港集團、移動公司等項目實施單位緊密協(xié)作，經(jīng)過兩年多的技術(shù)迭代、試點運營、跟蹤評估和探索總結(jié)

Jinan container recycling, under the active coordination and organization of the Municipal Transportation Committee, the group, Shanggang group, China Mobile and other project implementation units worked closely together, after more than two years of technical iteration, pilot operation, tracking evaluation, exploration and summary

智能重卡具有提高運營能力、減少排放、減少人工投入等優(yōu)點。目前，洋山港年吞吐量已達2000萬標(biāo)箱，東海大橋的通行壓力越來越大，智能重卡能大大提高通行效率。將來，智能重卡還將采用純電或氫能源，變得更加綠色。

Intelligent heavy truck has the advantages of improving operation capacity, reducing emissions and reducing manual investment. At present, the annual throughput of Yangshan Port has reached 20 million TEUs, the traffic pressure of Donghai Bridge is increasing, and the intelligent heavy truck can greatly improve the traffic efficiency. In the future, smart heavy trucks will also use pure electricity or hydrogen energy to become greener.